Collaborative Nonverbal Interaction within Virtual Environments - Interacción Colaborativa No-Verbal en Entornos Virtuales
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32870/recibe.v1i1.4Palabras clave:
Collaborative Virtual Environment, nonverbal communication, collaborative interactionResumen
Current virtual environments are predominantly visual-spatial, which allows their ‘inhabitants’ the display, either in a conscious or unconscious way, of nonverbal cues during interaction, such as gaze direction, deictic gestures or location. This interchange of nonverbal messages enriches interaction while supports mutual comprehension, fundamental for collaborative work and therefore particularly important in a multiuser virtual environment, that is, a Collaborative Virtual Environment. Different techniques, the media involvement, and automatic detection related collaborative nonverbal interaction are here discussed.Resumen: Los actuales entornos virtuales son predominantemente visual-espaciales, lo que permite a sus ‘habitantes’ el despliegue, ya sea de manera consciente o inconsciente, de señales no verbales durante la interacción, como son la dirección de la mirada, la gesticulación deíctica o la localización. Este intercambio de mensajes no verbales enriquece la interacción mientras ayuda a una comprensión mutua, fundamental para el trabajo colaborativo y por lo tanto particularmente importante en un entorno virtual multiusuario, esto es, un Entorno Virtual Colaborativo. Diferentes técnicas, la participación de los medio de comunicación, y la detección automática relacionada con la interacción colaborativa no verbal son aquí comentados.Palabras clave: Entornos Virtuales Colaborativos, comunicación no verbal, interacción colaborativa.Citas
Ahn, S. J., Fox, J., & Bailenson, J. N. (2012). Avatars. In W. S. Bainbridge (Ed.), Leadership in science and technology: A reference handbook () SAGE Publications.
Argyle, M., & Cook, M. (1976). Gaze and mutual gaze. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Argyle, M., & Dean, J. (1965). Eye contact, distance, and affiliation. Sociometry, 28(1), 289–304.
Bailenson, J. N., Blascovich, J., Beall, A. C., & Loomis, J. (2003). Interpersonal distance in immersive virtual environments. Personality and Social Psychology, 29, 819-833.
Bales, R. F. (1970). Personality and interpersonal behavior. New York: Holt.
Bartenieff, I., & Davis, M. (1972). Effort-shape analysis of movement. the unity of expression and function. Body movement: Perspectives in research (). New York: Arno Press.
Blascovich, J., Loomis, J. M., Beall, A. C., Swinth, K., & Hoyt, C. (2001). Immersive virtual environment technology as a methodological tool for social psychology. Psychological Inquiry, 13, 103–124.
Bolinger, D. (1985). Intonation and its parts: Melody in spoken english. London: Edward Arnold.
Brdiczka, O., Maisonnasse, J., & Reignier, P. (2005). Automatic detection of interaction groups. ICMI, Trento, Italy.
Capin, T. K., Pandzic, I. S., Thalmann, N. M., & Thalmann, D. (1997). Realistic avatars and autonomous virtual humans in VLNET networked virtual environments. From Desktop to Webtop: Virtual Environments on the Internet, WWW and Networks, International Conference, Bradford, UK.
Churchill, E. F., & Snowdon, D. (1998). Collaborative virtual environments: An introductory review of issues and systems.Virtual Reality: Research, Development and Applications, 3, 3-15.
Clark, H. H., & Brennan, S. E. (1991). Grounding in communication. In L. B. Resnick, J. M. Levine & S. D. Teasley (Eds.), Perspectives on socially shared cognition (pp. 127–149). Hyattsville, MD: American Psychological Association.
DeCarlo, D., Stone, M., Revilla, C., & Venditti, J. J. (2004). Specifying and animating facial signals for discourse in embodied conversational agents. Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds, 15(1), 27–38.
Ekman, P. (1978). Facial expression. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Ford, C. E. (1999). Collaborative construction of task activity: Coordinating multiple resources in a high school physics lab. Research on Language and Social Interaction, 32, 369-408.
Gergle, D., Kraut, R. E., & Fussell, S. R. (2004). Language efficiency and visual technology: Minimizing collaborative effort with visual information. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, (23), 491-517.
Gerhard, M., & Moore, D. (1998). User embodiment in educational CVEs: Towards continuous presence. 4th EATA International Conference on Networking Entities, NETIES98: Networking for the Millennium, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom.
Guye-Vuillème, A., Capin, T. K., Pandzic, I. S., Thalmann, N. M., & Thalmann, D. (1998). Nonverbal communication interface for collaborative virtual environments. Collaborative Virtual Environments, University of Manchester. pp. 105-112.
Hall, E. (1952). The silent language. Garden City, NY: Doubleday.
Hall, E. (1968). Proxemics. Current Anthropology, 9, 83-108.
Heldal, I. (2007). The impact of social interaction on usability for distributed virtual environments. International Journal of Virtual Reality, 6(3), 45-54.
Heylen, D. (2005). Challenges ahead: Head movements and other social acts in conversations. AISB - Social Presence Cues Symposium,
Imai, T., Qui, Z., Behara, S., Tachi, S., Aoyama, T., Johnson, A., et al. (2000). Overcoming timezone differences and time management problem with tele-immersion. 10th Annual Internet Society Conference (INET), Yokohama, Japan.
Jan, D., & Traum, D. (2007). Dynamic movement and positioning of embodied agents in multiparty conversations. ACL 2007 Workshop on Embodied Language Processing, Prague, Czech Republic.
Jermann, P. (2004). Computer support for interaction regulation in collaborative problem-solving. Unpublished University of Genéva, Genéva, Switzerland.
Kendon, A. (1990). Spatial organization in social encounters: The F-formation system., 209–237.
Knapp, M., & Hall, J. (2010). Nonverbal communication in human interaction (7 th ed.). Belmont, CA: Thomson Wadsworth.
Knutson, A. L. (1960). Quiet and vocal groups. Sociometry, 23, 36-49.
Kujanpää, T., & Manninen, T. (2003). Supporting visual elements of non-verbal communication in computer game avatars. Level Up - Digital Games Research Conference, Universiteit Utrecht. pp. 220-233.
MacDorman, K. F. (2005). Androids as an experimental apparatus: Why is there an uncanny valley and can we exploit it? Computers in Human Behavior, 25, 695-710.
Martínez, A. (2003). A model and a method for computational support for CSCL evaluation (in spanish). Unpublished University of Valladolid,
McCowan, I., Gatica-Perez, D., Bengio, S., Lathoud, G., Barnard, M., & Zhang, D. (2005). Automatic analysis of multimodal group actions in meetings. IEEE Trans. on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 27, 305–317.
Mehrabian, A., & Friar, J. T. (1969). Encoding of attitude by a seated communicator via posture and position cues via posture and position cues. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, (33), 330-336.
Mine, M., Brook, F. P., & Sequin, C. H. (1997). Moving objects in space: Exploiting proprioception in virtual-environment interaction. Computer Graphics Proceedings, ACM SIGGRAPH 1997, pp. 19-26.
Mori, M. (1970). Bukimi no tani (the uncanny valley). Energy, 7(4), 33-35.
Mota, S., & Picard, R. W. (2003). Automated posture analysis for detecting learner's interest level. Workshop on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition for Human-Computer Interaction, CVPR, HCI, Madison, WI.
Parkhurst, D., Law, K., & Niebur, E. (2002). Modeling the role of salience in the allocation of overt visual attention. Vision Research, 42, 107–123.
Patterson, M. L. (1983). Nonverbal behavior. A functional perspective. New York: Springer-Verlang.
Peña, A. (2011). Monitoring collaboration in virtual environments for learning: A nonverbal communication approach. U.S.A.: Lambert Academic Publishing.
Richmond, V. P., McCroskey, J. C., & Payne, S. K. (1991). Nonverbal behavior in interpersonal relations (2nd Ed. ed.). Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Roberts, D., Heldal, I., Otto, O., & Wolff, R. (2006). Factors influencing flow of object focussed collaboration in collaborative virtual environments. Virtual Reality, 10(2), 119-133.
Roth, W. M., & Lawless, D. (2002). When up is down and down is up: Body orientation, proximity and gestures as resources for listeners. Language in Society, 31, 1-28.
Salem, B., & Earle, N. (2000). Designing a non-verbal language for expressive avatars. Collaborative Virtual Environments, San Francisco, CA, USA. pp. 93-101.
Scheflen, A. E. (1964). The significance of posture in communication systems. Psychiatry, 27, 316–331.
Schroeder, R. (2011). In Kirlik A. (Ed.), Being there together: Social interaction in shared virtual environments. New York: Oxford University Press.
Steed, A., Spante, M., Heldal, I., Axelsson, A., & Schroeder, R. (2003). Strangers and friends in caves: An exploratory study of collaboration in networked IPT systems. Proceedings on Interactive 3D Graphics, pp. 51-54. New York: ACM Press
Stein, R. T., & Heller, T. (1979). An empirical analysis of the correlations between leadership status and participation rates reported in the literature. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37, 1993-2002.
Steptoe, W., Wolff, R., Murgia, A., Guimaraes, E., Rae, J., Sharkey, P., et al. (2008). Eyetracking for avatar eye-gaze and interactional analysis in immersive collaborative virtual environments. CSCW 2008 (ACM 2008 Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work),CSCW 2008 (ACM 2008 Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work), San Diego, CA, USA.
Watson, O. M. (1970). Proxemic behavior: A cross-cultural study. The Hague, Nederlands: Mouton.
Watson, O. M., & Graves, T. D. (1966). Quantitative research in proxemic behavior. American Anthropologist,68, 971-985.
Wolff, R., Roberts, D., Steed, A., & Otto, O. (2005). A review of tele-collaboration technologies with respect to to closely coupled collaboration. International Journal of Computer Applications in Technology,
