Plagiarism Policy: All manuscripts undergo a mandatory similarity review against previously published texts. A manuscript must not exceed 20% similarity in order to continue in the editorial process.

Validation of Citations and References: The editorial team conducts a strict review of the bibliographic reference list to prevent the inclusion of nonexistent sources. The detection of false or fabricated references will result in the immediate rejection of the manuscript due to a serious breach of scientific ethics.

Corrections and Retractions: If unintentional errors are identified after publication and they do not affect the results, a correction notice (Erratum/Corrigendum) linked to the original article will be published. If plagiarism, data manipulation, or serious ethical misconduct is demonstrated, the article will be publicly retracted through a formal statement issued by the Editorial Committee, and an indelible “RETRACTED” watermark will be placed on the original file.